China Doubling Camps for Uighurs

I'm reading a report called CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA
ANNUAL REPORT 2018 and came across this passage about the expansion of camps in China for the largely Muslim population of Uighurs in the Northwest: 

Since Chen Quanguo’s appointment as XUAR Party Secretary in August 2016, reports have documented the escalation of rights abuses against local ethnic minority populations. Chen previously served in the same position in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR), where he imposed similarly onerous restrictions. This past year the mass surveillance and securitization of the XUAR was starkly illustrated by the extrajudicial detention of 1 million or more individuals in ‘‘political reeducation’’ centers or camps—making it the largest mass internment of an ethnic minority population in the world today. Individuals may be detained for a number of reasons, including frequency of prayer, expression of ‘‘politically incorrect’’ views, history of travel abroad, and connections with people outside of China. Detentions appear to be indefinite in most cases. Regional government authorities reportedly ordered officials in some XUAR jurisdictions to meet detention quotas, and local orphanages were reportedly overcrowded due to the number of children requiring care while both parents are held in the camps. A May 2018 Associated Press report documented propagandistic slogans that detainees were required to chant—‘‘Thank the Party! Thank the Motherland! Thank President Xi!’’—before being permitted to eat.4 The ‘‘political reeducation’’ centers are reportedly fortified with barbed wire, reinforced doors, and bombproof surfaces. Security

personnel have subjected detainees to torture (including the use of interrogation chairs called ‘‘tiger chairs’’), medical neglect and maltreatment, solitary confinement, sleep deprivation, lack of adequate clothing in cold temperatures, and other forms of abuse. Reports have also emerged of a number of deaths in the camps. Reports in May 2018 indicated that Chinese authorities were soliciting public bids for the construction of more camps and additional security features for existing ones. In addition to those detained in ‘‘political reeducation’’ centers, rights groups reported that as of June 2018, authorities may have forced an additional 2.2 million XUAR residents to attend day or evening ‘‘education sessions.’’